Maruf Matmusaev   R Senthil Kumar   Yasuhiro Yamada   Tetsuya Nagatani   Tsukasa Kawase   Riki Tanaka   Miyatani Kyosuke   Yoko Kato   
Asian journal of neurosurgery 15(4) 833-838 2020年
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a condition, characterized by painless, involuntary unilateral tonic or clonic contractions of the facial muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve. HFS starts with contractions in the...